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Syzygium aromaticum, Clove

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    1800 studies concentrated since the 2000s extend the list of virtues of this Ayurvedic plant used since ancient times. 

    Components :

    sesquiterpenes, monoterpenes, hydrocarbons, phenolic compounds, eugenyl acetate, eugenol and β -caryophyllene (1), eugenyl acetate,  β -caryophyllene, α -humulene (2)

    Ethnobotany : 

    Used since ancient times to treat respiratory conditions

    Studies :

    -Anti bacterial (Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus) (1,3)

    -Antifungal (1)

    -Analgesic  (1,2)

    -Antioxidant  (1,4,6)

    -Anticancer  (1,2)

    -Antiseptic  (1)

    -Antidepressant  (1)

    -Antispasmodic  (1)

    -Anti-inflammatory  (1,2)

    -Antiviral  (1)

    -Antimicrobial (4)

    -Insecticide  (2)

    -Anesthetic (2)

    -Antithrombotics (3)

    -Immunostimulants (3)

    -Covid (3.7)

    -Sars cov 2 (7)

    -Heavy metals including lead (5) cerium chloride (6)

    -Apoptosis (8)

    -Alzheimer (neuroprotective) (9)

    -Antidiabetes (10)

    -Arthritis (11)



    1.Batiha GE, Alkazmi LM, Wasef LG, Beshbishy AM, Nadwa EH, Rashwan EK. Syzygium aromaticum L. (Myrtaceae): Traditional Uses, Bioactive Chemical Constituents, Pharmacological and Toxicological Activities. Biomolecules. 2020 Jan 30;10(2):202. doi:10.3390/biom10020202. PMID: 32019140; PMCID: PMC7072209.

    2. Haro-González JN, Castillo-Herrera GA, Martínez-Velázquez M, Espinosa-Andrews H. Clove Essential Oil ( Syzygium aromaticum L. Myrtaceae): Extraction, Chemical Composition, Food Applications, and Essential Bioactivity for Human Health . Molecules. 2021 Oct 22;26(21):6387. doi:10.3390/molecules26216387. PMID: 34770801; PMCID: PMC8588428.

    3.Vicidomini C, Roviello V, Roviello GN. Molecular Basis of the Therapeutical Potential of Clove ( Syzygium aromaticum L.) and Clues to Its Anti-COVID-19 Utility . Molecules. 2021 Mar 26;26(7):1880. doi:10.3390/molecules26071880. PMID: 33810416; PMCID: PMC8036487.

    4. Radünz M, da Trindade MLM, Camargo TM, Radünz AL, Borges CD, Gandra EA, Helbig E. Antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of unencapsulated and encapsulated clove (Syzygium aromaticum, L.) essential oil. Food Chem. 2019 Mar 15;276:180-186. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.09.173. Epub 2018 Oct 4. PMID: 30409582.

    5.Agboola JB, Ehigie AF, Ehigie LO, Ojeniyi FD, Olayemi AA. Ameliorative role of Syzygium aromaticum aqueous extract on synaptosomal tyrosine hydroxylase activity, oxidative stress parameters, and behavioral changes in lead-induced neurotoxicity in mice. J Food Biochem. 2022 Jul;46(7):e14115. doi:10.1111/jfbc.14115. Epub 2022 Mar 4. PMID: 35246863.

    6. Kadri Y, Nciri R, Bardaa S, Brahmi N, Saber S, Harrath AH, Aldahmash W, Alwasel S, Mohany M, El Feki A, Salah Allagui M. Syzygium Aromaticum Alleviates Cerium Chloride-Induced Neurotoxic Effect In The Adult Mice . Toxicol Mech Methods. 2019 Jan;29(1):26-34. doi:10.1080/15376516.2018.1506849. Epub 2018 Oct 16. PMID: 30064281.

    7. Li Y, Liu Z, Zeng M, El Kadiri A, Huang J, Kim A, He X, Sun J, Chen P, Wang TTY, Zhang Y, Gao B, Xie Z, Yu LL. Chemical Compositions of Clove ( Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & L.) Extracts and Their Potentials in Suppressing SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein-ACE2 Binding, Inhibiting ACE2, and Scavenging Free Radicals. J Agric Food Chem. 2022 Nov 16;70(45):14403-14413. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c06300. Epub 2022 Nov 1. PMID: 36318658.

    8.Chua LK, Lim CL, Ling APK, Chye SM, Koh RY. Anticancer Potential of Syzygium Species: a Review. Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 2019 Mar;74(1):18-27. doi:10.1007/s11130-018-0704-z. PMID: 30535971.

    9. Shekhar S, Yadav Y, Singh AP, Pradhan R, Desai GR, Dey AB, Dey S. Neuroprotection by ethanolic extract of Syzygium aromaticum in Alzheimer's disease like pathology via maintaining oxidative balance through SIRT1 pathway. Exp Gerontol. 2018 Sep;110:277-283. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.06.026. Epub 2018 Jun 27. PMID: 29959974.

    10. Zulcafli AS, Lim C, Ling AP, Chye S, Koh R. Antidiabetic Potential of Syzygium sp.: An Overview. Yale J Biol Med. 2020 Jun 29;93(2):307-325. PMID: 32607091; PMCID: PMC7309675.

    11. Shakeel F, Alam P, Ali A, Alqarni MH, Alshetaili A, Ghoneim MM, Alshehri S, Ali A. Investigating Antiarthritic Potential of Nanostructured Clove Oil ( Syzygium aromaticum ) in FCA-Induced Arthritic Rats: Pharmaceutical Action and Delivery Strategies. Molecules. 2021 Dec 2;26(23):7327. doi:10.3390/molecules26237327. PMID: 34885909; PMCID: PMC8658777.

    Category: Ayurvedic and tropical plants

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