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Maitake mushroom, Grifola frondosa (mycelium)

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    Grifola frondosa

    Maitake is present in all temperate zones north of the equator. There were 481  studies since the 1970s and around twenty per year since 2008. 

    According to these studies it was recognized that it could act positively on a large number of pathologies, of which here are some references:

    Studies :

    -Cancer (1, 2, 3, 7, 8, 11, 12, 16)

    -Anti-inflammatory (2)

    -Antiallergic (2)

    -Selenium absorption (4)

    -Polysaccharides (5)

    -Staphylococcus aureus (6)

    -Obesity (9, 14)

    -Diabetes (10)

    -Allergies (13)

    -Dysbiosis (15)

    1. He Y, Zhang L, Wang H. The biological activities of the antitumor drug Grifola frondosa polysaccharide . Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci. 2019;163:221-261. doi: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2019.02.010. Epub 2019 Mar 25. PMID: 31030750.

    2. Hetland G, Tangen JM, Mahmood F, Mirlashari MR, Nissen-Meyer LSH, Nentwich I, Therkelsen SP, Tjønnfjord GE, Johnson E. Antitumor, Anti-Inflammatory and Antiallergic Effects of Agaricus blazei Mushroom Extract and the Related Medicinal Basidiomycetes Mushrooms, Hericium Erinaceus and Grifola frondosa : A Review of Preclinical and Clinical Studies. Nutrients. 2020 May 8;12(5):1339. doi:10.3390/nu12051339. PMID: 32397163; PMCID: PMC7285126.

    3. He Y, Li X, Hao C, Zeng P, Zhang M, Liu Y, Chang Y, Zhang L. Grifola frondosa polysaccharide: a review of antitumor and other biological activity studies in China. Discov Med. 2018 Apr;25(138):159-176. PMID: 29723488.

    4. Huang S, Yang W, Huang G. Preparation and activities of selenium polysaccharide from plant such as Grifola frondosa . Carbohydr Polym. 2020 Aug 15;242:116409. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116409. Epub 2020 May 12. PMID: 32564830.

    5. He X, Wang X, Fang J, Chang Y, Ning N, Guo H, Huang L, Huang Int J Biol Macromol. 2017 Aug;101:910-921. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.03.177. Epub 2017 Mar 31. PMID: 28366857.

    6. Fasciana T, Gargano ML, Serra N, Galia E, Arrigo I, Tricoli MR, Diquattro O, Graceffa G, Vieni S, Venturella G, Giammanco A. Potential Activity of Albino Grifola frondosa Mushroom Extract against Biofilm of Meticillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus . J Fungi (Basel). 2021 Jul 10;7(7):551. doi:10.3390/jof7070551. PMID: 34356930; PMCID: PMC8303276.

    7. Rossi P, Difrancia R, Quagliariello V, Savino E, Tralongo P, Randazzo CL, Berretta M. B-glucans from Grifola frondosa and Ganoderma lucidum in breast cancer : an example of complementary and integrative medicine. Oncotarget. 2018 May 15;9(37):24837-24856. doi:10.18632/oncotarget.24984. PMID: 29872510; PMCID: PMC5973856.

    8. Zhao F, Guo Z, Ma ZR, Ma LL, Zhao J. Antitumor activities of Grifola frondosa (Maitake) polysaccharide: A meta-analysis based on preclinical evidence and quality assessment . J Ethnopharmacol. 2021 Nov 15;280:114395. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.114395. Epub 2021 Jul 13. PMID: 34271115.

    9. Jiang X, Hao J, Liu Z, Ma X, Feng Y, Teng L, Li Y, Wang D. Anti-obesity effects of Grifola frondosa through the modulation of lipid metabolism via ceramide in mice fed a high-fat diet. Food Function. 2021 Aug 2;12(15):6725-6739. doi:10.1039/d1fo00666e. PMID: 34160500.

    10. Jiang T, Shen S, Wang L, Zhao M, Li Y, Huang S. Grifola frondosa Polysaccharide Ameliorates Early Diabetic Nephropathy by Suppressing the TLR4/NF-κB Pathway. Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 2022 Sep;194(9):4093-4104. doi:10.1007/s12010-022-03976-8. Epub 2022 May 26. PMID: 35616773.

    11. Zhang Y, Sun D, ​​Meng Q, Guo W, Chen Q, Zhang Y. Grifola frondosa polysaccharides induce breast cancer cell apoptosis via the mitochondrial-dependent apoptotic pathway. Int J Mol Med. 2017 Oct;40(4):1089-1095. doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3081. Epub 2017 Jul 26. Erratum in: Int J Mol Med. 2022 Nov;50(5): PMID: 28765878; PMCID: PMC5593468.

    12. Zhang Y, Sun D, ​​Meng Q, Guo W, Chen Q, Zhang Y. [Corrigendum] Grifola frondosa polysaccharides induce breast cancer cell apoptosis via the mitochondrial-dependent apoptotic pathway. Int J Mol Med. 2022 Nov;50(5):136. doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2022.5192. Epub 2022 Sep 21. Erratum for: Int J Mol Med. 2017 Oct;40(4):1089-1095. PMID: 36129150; PMCID: PMC9559173.

    13. Kawai J, Mori K, Hirasawa N. Grifola frondosa extract and ergosterol reduce allergic reactions in an allergy mouse model by suppressing the degranulation of mast cells . Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2019 Dec;83(12):2280-2287. doi:10.1080/09168451.2019.1654360. Epub 2019 Aug 14. PMID: 31412751.

    14. Aoki H, Hanayama M, Mori K, Sato R. Grifola frondosa (Maitake) extract activates PPARδ and improves glucose intolerance in high-fat diet-induced obese mice . Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2018 Sep;82(9):1550-1559. doi:10.1080/09168451.2018.1480348. Epub 2018 Jun 6. PMID: 29873587.

    15. Li L, Guo WL, Zhang W, Xu JX, Qian M, Bai WD, Zhang YY, Rao PF, Ni L, Lv XC. Grifola frondosa polysaccharides ameliorate lipid metabolic disorders and gut microbiota dysbiosis in high-fat diet fed rats . Food Function. 2019 May 22;10(5):2560-2572. doi:10.1039/c9fo00075e. PMID: 30994668.

    16. Ji HY, Chen P, Yu J, Feng YY, Liu AJ. Effects of Heat Treatment on the Structural Characteristics and Antitumor Activity of Polysaccharides from Grifola frondosa . Appl Biochem Biotechnol. 2019 Jun;188(2):481-490. doi:10.1007/s12010-018-02936-5. Epub 2018 Dec 10. PMID: 30536035.

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